安钢东区花苑地下空间技术的应用

通过安钢东区花苑住宅小区配套设施——地下车库工程实践,进一步说明开发利用城市及居住小区地下空间已越来越受到人们的重视。并且,现代化城市空间发展的方向之一是向地下延伸。     

无机调理剂对污泥建材化的影响研究

研究了氯化铁、硫酸铝、氯化铝等无机低分子调理剂和GD-112有机高分子调理剂对剩余污泥脱水性能的影响.结果表明,合理应用无机低分子调理剂可以达到与有机高分子调理剂相近的调理效果且不会增加调理成本.对于污泥的建材化利用来说,无机低分子调理剂在满足脱水工艺要求的基础上,可以调节污泥成分,并适当降低污泥的有机物含量,使之更符合污泥建材化的要求.     

Recent water quality trends in the Schuylkill River,Pennsylvania, USA: a preliminary assessment of the relative influences of climate,river discharge and suburban development

Climate, flow rate and land use are all known drivers of water quality in river systems, but determining the relative influences of these factors remains a significant challenge for aquatic science and management. Long-term data from the Schuylkill River at Philadelphia is assessed here in an attempt to ascertain the separate and combined influence of these major drivers on water quality in a developed watershed. Water quality measures including nutrients, conservative solutes and bacteria all elicited distinct seasonal patterns driven primarily by river discharge. Mass transport rates of sodium and chloride have increased with time, and were elevated in winter, presumably as a function of road salt deposition. A steady increase in developed land area in the watershed has occurred in recent decades, which allowed the use of time as a surrogate parameter for regional development in the construction of multiple factor linear models predicting the relative influences of precipitation, river discharge and developed land area on river water quality. Linear models predicting annually averaged water quality measures showed the effects of precipitation, discharge and developed land area to be of nearly equal importance in regulating levels of conductivity, alkalinity, sodium, and chloride in the river. Models predicting water quality variables for discrete samples demonstrated that river flow was the major determinant of daily variability in alkalinity, conductivity, hardness and calcium levels, while still resolving the highly significant influence of watershed development on water quality. Increases in solute transport in the Schuylkill River in recent decades appear to be the direct result of modern suburban development in the watershed.     

交通瓶颈对区域土地利用的制约研究

从交通瓶颈入手,把交通瓶颈作为区域交通承载能力的控制点,研究了交通瓶颈对区域土地利用的制约作用。建立了交通反算用地模型,根据关键瓶颈路段的能力余量可预测出区域内每一地块的可开发余量,以此作为市政有关部门和城市规划、交通规划部门控制土地开发的理论依据。     

Potential for energy saving in building transition spaces

This paper reports on an analytical investigation into the energy saving potential associated with modified comfort limits in transitional spaces in buildings. Such spaces may not require the same high level and close environmental control of more fully occupied spaces and thus a wider variation in conditions and interpretation of thermal comfort may be permitted. Estimations are made of energy saving potential based upon typical floor area proportions utilised for transition spaces of various types in office/commercial buildings. The data are combined with suggested norms for comfort expectation that have wider temperature limits than for normally occupied office zones. The method has been applied to a series of building types situated in the climate of the East Pennines area of the UK using a thermal analysis tool. The results show that useful energy savings (particularly for heating) are possible by allowing for a modest (and realistic) relaxation of prescribed comfort standards in transition spaces. Further work is now required to confirm the limits and assess energy saving in practice.     

景区详细规划内容深度分析

目前,<风景名胜区规划规范>对景区详细规划的内容深度和做法仍缺乏科学的界定,导致规划阶段划分模糊,对各规划阶段内容深度的规定不严密,用地分类不细致、兼容性差,且缺乏控制指标体系.景区详细规划的内容深度应达到"城市规划序列中的控制性详细规划"的内容深度,并需要引入城市规划中的"指标控制体系".     

Job accessibility impacts of intensive and multiple land-use scenarios for the Netherlands’ Randstad Area

This paper examines job accessibility impacts of intensive and multiple land-use scenarios in the Netherlands’ Randstad Area for the period 1996–2030. The scenarios involve a heavy increase in the density and diversity of activities around railway stations. Accessibility impacts are examined using location-based accessibility measures and utility-based accessibility benefit measures within a high-resolution land-use/transport interaction modelling framework, taking into account the regional demand for economic activities and possible market responses. It is concluded that extreme concentrations of economic activities at central urban locations well served by public transport are not to be preferred over less heavy concentrations of economic activities at more locations. Heavy concentrations of new firms may firstly repel existing firms in the neighbourhood and secondly result in decreasing marginal returns of accessibility benefits for public transport users.     

关于现代城市公共交通系统的思考

我国城市中的公共交通存在路线过于集中、主次不分、服务质量低下、缺少公交换乘枢纽等问题,应正确认识"优先发展公共交通"的基本国策,正确理解城市公共交通和城市发展形态、城市用地布局结构及城市道路系统的关系,正确处理公共交通线路和城市道路与城市用地的关系,建设公交换乘枢纽以提高公共交通效率和服务性.在一般情况下,库尔蒂巴概念的"BRT"既不适合于我国城市常见的双向、高强度的发展模式,也不是解决我国城市公共交通问题的灵丹妙药.     

基于腾讯出行大数据的北京市郊野公园游憩使用及影响因素研究

北京在21世纪初开始建设郊野公园,其建设在实现土地集约利用的同时,还对平原地区游憩体系实现补充。选取北京40个典型的郊野公园,运用腾讯出行大数据结合现场调研,使用核密度、地理探测器等方法分析不同公园的使用差异,理清不同因素对郊野公园使用的影响。研究表明:1)郊野公园存在明显的时间差异,所有郊野公园周末的人流量都大于工作日人流量。2)使用空间分布整体上呈现由单核聚集向双核聚集扩散。3)影响郊野公园游人空间分布的3个外部因素中,按影响强弱排序为商业设施人口密度交通便利度。4)公园内部因素中,公园游憩设施、服务设施质量及道路总长度对其使用影响显著,但各因素对不同规模的公园影响程度不同。研究将会为郊野公园规划和建设提供重要建议:1)构建郊野公园绿色综合体。2)着力推动部分郊野公园的城市公园化建设提升。3)构建以提升游憩服务为目标的郊野公园分类建设标准。     

城市可持续的土地规划

土地和能源是制约中国城市发展的两个最大的资源瓶颈.应通过发展都市圈战略以大幅度减少城市间的交通需求、减小区域性交通基础设施的占地规模,提高现有城市土地利用强度以在有限的空间里容纳尽可能多的城市人口,优先发展公共交通和轨道交通以节省能源等方式实现城市的可持续发展.